Group+10


 * Topic**: Seed Germination

//How does time effect to the seed germination in different media (cotton and water, soil, and gel hydroponic)?//
 * Research Question:**

To investigate the effect of time to the growth of seed, the height of bean sprout, and the CO2 dissolved in water in different media (cotton and water, soil, and gel hydroponic).
 * Aim:**
 * Biology**

To find out the effect of the time (initial, 24 hours, 48 hours) into the ph of media planting (compost (fertilizer with soil), cotton and hydroponic gel will be used in order to compared the different pH of media planting) after chemical reaction between the media planting with the controlled volume of water of 100ml and the surrounding environment. **Physics** To find the relation between light intensity and the growth of the seeds. Independent: Time taken – time to measure the light intensity, 0 hour (initial) – 24 hours – 48 hours
 * Chemistry**

Seeds come in different of sizes and shapes. Some seeds germinate faster while the others need specific condition to germinate. The outer covering of a seed is called the seed coat. It helps to protect the embryo from injury and also from dry condition. The structure is quite thin and soft. Endosperm, which is temporary food supply, is packed around the embryo in the form of special leaves called cotyledons. These are the first parts that can be shown when the seed germinates. Seeds remain dormant until the conditions are right for germination. All seeds need water, oxygen, and proper temperature in order to germinate. Some seeds require proper light also. Some germinate better in full light while other requires darkness to germinate.
 * Background Information:**
 * Biology:**

When a seed is in the proper conditions, water and oxygen are taken in through the seed coat. The embryo start to enlarge and the seed coat break open. Many factors contribute to poor germination. Like overwatering results in a lack of oxygen levels. Second, if the seeds plant too deep under the soil surface, the embryo in the seed using up all the stored energy (in cotyledons), and dry conditions will give affect to lack of moist condition and its will be block the germination process.

Water is an important factor of seed germination. Moist conditions make the seed ready to germinate. When water absorb by the seed, the seed become bulges. When the seed coat become soft, the growth embryo inside the seed is penetrates through the seed skin. The seed embryo is growing because of nutrition in the cotyledon.

Living things need energy to grow. The energy come from break down carbohydrate in the process called cell respiration. CO2 is release as a byproduct of cell respiration. The balanced equation for cell respiration (breakdown glucose) is as follows:

C6H12O6 + 6 H2O + 6 O2 à energy + 6 CO2 + 12 H2O The increasing of CO2 is release to the media, because CO2 is dissolved in water.

Beside The seed take the nutrients from the cotyledon, they also take the nutrients from a soil medium to continue to grow (after the root grow).

It's easy to grow bean seeds in cotton and water as the cotton provides the right amount of water for the beans to germinate.

Gel hydroponic is a good media because it has a nutrient such as iron, calcium, magnesium, and zinc. The growths of the plant need this nutrient.

Bean sprout are one of the vegetables eaten by human on all over the world. It is good for health for the human since it is rich on nutrients just like any other vegetables. Growing the bean sprout itself can actually be done at home since it is not a really complex matter to produce a good bean sprout. However, there comes the problem where everyone wanted to grow the bean sprout as quickly and as good as possible. The type of media of planting such as the compost, gel and cotton will be investigated in this experiment to see which one will give the best and grow the sprout as quickly as possible. The amount of pH of the media planting is actually also very important for the bean sprout to grow and germinate quickly and healthy. If the pH are too high in other words to basic, it can kill the germinating seed, while if the pH is too low, the seed will not germinate at all in other words it is too acidic. So, a good pH will be somewhere around the neutral pH which is pH 7. Another problem is that the media of planting will create chemical reaction with the water as well as the surrounding that can affect the pH change. In this investigation, we would like to know which media of planting affect the pH into a bad pH that can destroy the germination of the seed.
 * Chemistry:**

I predict that the longer the time given, the more the seed growth. It takes more time to let the water penetrates through the skin seed and the wholes seed become soften. Also, the growth of embryo inside the seed need time to take nutrition from cotyledon for growing. To prove my hypothesis, I will prepare the experiment within two days and I will see the growth of 24 hours (1 day) and 48 hours.
 * Hypothesis:**
 * Biology**

My second hypothesis is the more the time given, the height of the bean sprout will be higher. It happens because if the more time given, more opportunity for the bean sprouts to take more nutrients from the cotyledon and media. Therefore, the bean sprouts get taller.

My third hypothesis is the more the time given, the more CO2 produced by the bean sprouts, more CO2 dissolved in media. It because the plants need energy and the energy comes from the break down of glucose in the process of cell respiration. The result is energy, CO2, and water.

According to the three type media given, the best media for plant growth is gel hydroponic. Gel hydroponic is a good media because it has a nutrient such as iron, calcium, magnesium, and zinc. The growths of the plant need this nutrient. For making the test fair, I use the same amount of mung bean seeds (20 seeds), the same volume of water (100 ml), and the same temperature, which is room temperature as a control variable. By doing this experiment, I expect that the growth of mung bean sprout on second day will greater than the first day. It happens because after two days the bean sprouts already consume more nutrients, therefore it can affect the heights of the bean sprout.

I predict that as the time goes by, the pH of the first experiment which is using the hydroponic gel will has no change in pH this is because the gel is in form of solid and that it will not react easily therefore the pH will not have any change. Then for the second experiment which is using the compost, the pH level will be change because compost are mainly base components and therefore, by adding water, the compost will react with water and then after the time goes (24 hours and 48 hours), the pH will be decreasing because after its reaction with water, the water will tend to neutralize the compost pH which is base components and therefore, the pH must be decreasing. Lastly, for the third experiment which is using the cotton, similar to the compost, the pH level will be decreasing because it is mainly base components and therefore, by adding water, the cotton will react with water and then after the time goes (24 hours and 48 hours), the pH wil be decreasing because after its reaction with water, the water will tend to neutralize the compost pH which is base components and therefore, the pH must be decreasing. The other variables must be controlled such as the volume of water on each flask, the temperature on where all of the flasks are kept, the amount of the bean sprout seeds must all be controlled because if it is not controlled, then they will be another factor that will affect the pH change of the media of planting. **Physics** Our prediction from the effects of the light intensity may affect the speed for the seeds to grow better than soil and water. Because sunlight of the plant follows the path where sunlight came from.
 * Chemistry**


 * Variables:**
 * 1) **Independent Variables:**
 * **Precise timing for all experiment, which 24 hours and 48 hours for every test** – keeping the time available for growing seed. And it used to let the water penetrates through the skin seed.
 * 1) **Dependent Variables:**
 * Biology**
 * **Heights of the bean sprouts** – It show how fast the bean sprout growing. It can be measured by using a ruler.
 * **The amount of seed germinate in 24 hours and 48 hours in different media** – The more amount of mung bean growth, it shows the successfully of seed germinate.
 * **The concentration of CO2 dissolved in media** – On the second day, more cell respiration happens and the result is more CO2 produced.


 * Chemistry**
 * **The pH change of the media of planting** - (compost, cotton and hydroponic gel) on where the seed germinate using the pH universal indicator paper to check on the initial pH when first we start to plant the bean sprout, then use the pH paper again to check the pH after 24 hours where chemical reaction has taken place.


 * Physics**
 * **The growth of the seeds**


 * 1) **Control Variables:**
 * **Same media for every test (Cotton + Water, Soil, and Gel hydroponic) –** the quality of the media not the same. Water does not contain a nutrient, soil does contain a little nutrient, and gel hydroponic does contain of high quality of nutrient.
 * **The same amount of seeds (20 seeds)** – To make the test fair, every trial should have the same amount of seeds, it used for knowing either growth or not.
 * **The size of seeds** – All of the seeds that used for the experiment should be the same size (choose the big one). It used for make the test fair and to get the accurate data.
 * **The same volume of water (100 ml) –** To make the test fair, every trial should have the same volume of water and to get the accurate data.
 * **The effectiveness of the seed growth will be tested at room temperature –** If we give a difference temperature on the every trial, the result will not be accurate.
 * **The same of light intensity, which is room light** - If the light is not the same intensity in every trial, the one who get more will grow faster. So, we should make same of light intensity to get the test fair.


 * Materials:**
 * 15 Erlenmeyer Flask (capacity 500 ml±0,5 ml)
 * Compost (soil with fertilizer) 200 cm3 for each flasks for 5 trials
 * Cottons 200 cm3 for each flasks for 5 trials
 * Hydroponic Gel cm3 for each flasks for 5 trials
 * 2 petri dishes
 * Bean sprout seed (20 bean sprouts for each flasks for 5 trials on each media of planting – compost, cottons, hydroponic gel which is different experiment)
 * Aluminum foil
 * Distilled water (100 ml)
 * Spatula
 * Forceps
 * 2 Tray
 * CO2 data logger
 * 2 rulers
 * pH universal indicator paper
 * Digital light measuring tool
 * Thermometer
 * Micromili – meter
 * Procedure:**
 * Biology**
 * 1) Prepared the media (cotton + water, soil, and gel hydroponic) in the flask.
 * 2) Choose the same size of seeds (20 seeds).
 * 3) Put the seeds into the flask.
 * 4) Pour the water (100 ml) each flask.
 * 5) Put the flask in the tray and kept in the dark room.
 * 6) Wait for 24 hours and record the data.
 * 7) Wait another 24 hours and record the data.
 * 8) Repeated step 1-7 for every media and trials.

10.After 24 hours, do step 5-6 again and then record the pH of each of the flask. Some of the pH may have already changed because there is reaction that has taken place, but for the hydroponic gel, there is no reaction taken place. After another 24 hours, do step 10 again
 * Chemistry**
 * 1) For the hydroponic gel, it must be poured into the water one day before the experiment is launched this is because this gel must contain water in order to work.
 * 2) On the experiment day, get 15 Erlenmeyer flasks and then on each of the 5, put 200cm3 of compost (soil with fertilizers), then on the other 5 flasks, put cottons until it reaches the volume of 200cm3 as well. Then on the other 5 flasks, put the hydroponic gel with volume of 200cm3 as well.
 * 3) Get 20 bean sprouts with more or less the same size and put into one of the flasks. Do this again for each flask.
 * 4) After that, pour 100ml of distilled water and put it into one flask and do this again for each of the flasks.
 * 5) Using a forceps or spatula, get a small sample of the compost and put it into a petri dish a pour some distilled water into this in order to be able to test the pH since the distilled water is neutral so that would not change any pH of the sample.
 * 6) Get the pH indicator and test the pH and record it.
 * 7) Do step 5-6 again for each of the flasks.
 * 8) Once, you have record the pH of all of them, this will now act as the initial pH where there has been no reaction taken place yet.
 * 9) After this, keep all of the flask in one dark area that is not exposed to any light.


 * Physics**
 * 1) First, provide all the materials needed.
 * 2) Set-up the diagram by measuring the media (cotton, compost, and hydroponic gel) into the flasks (total of 15 flasks or 5 trials each media)
 * 3) Add water into the flasks consisting different sources (100 ml of water)
 * 4) Using the light-meter, we measure the light intensity of the plant
 * 5) Cover the top of the flasks with aluminum foil (for biology)
 * 6) Put all the flasks inside locker with no light (for biology and physics)
 * 7) After 24 hours, measure again the light intensity for each flask.



The heights of mung bean sprout after germinate 24 hours and 48 hours using different media.
 * Raw Data:**
 * Biology**
 * Trials ||||||||||||  Heights of mung bean sprout/cm ± 0,05 cm  ||
 * ^  ||||||  24 hours  ||||||  48 hours  ||
 * ^  ||  Cotton + water  ||  Soil  ||  Gel Hydroponic  ||  Cotton + water  ||  Soil  ||  Gel Hydroponic  ||
 * 1 ||  1,5  ||  0,8  ||  1,0  ||  12,5  ||  4,0  ||  1,5  ||
 * 2 ||  1,5  ||  0,9  ||  1,5  ||  12,5  ||  4,5  ||  2,5  ||
 * 3 ||  2  ||  0,9  ||  0,6  ||  15,0  ||  4,5  ||  1,0  ||
 * 4 ||  1,5  ||  0,6  ||  1,5  ||  12,5  ||  3,0  ||  2,0  ||
 * 5 ||  1,5  ||  0,6  ||  0,6  ||  12,5  ||  3,0  ||  1,0  ||

The amounts of seed germinate in 24 hours and 48 hours using different media. The concentration of Carbon dioxide dissolved in different media
 * Trials ||||||||||||  The amounts of seed germinate  ||
 * ^  ||||||  24 hours  ||||||  48 hours  ||
 * ^  ||  Cotton + water  ||  Soil  ||  Gel Hydroponic  ||  Cotton + water  ||  Soil  ||  Gel Hydroponic  ||
 * 1 ||  12  ||  4  ||  3  ||  15  ||  7  ||  4  ||
 * 2 ||  7  ||  3  ||  10  ||  10  ||  6  ||  11  ||
 * 3 ||  13  ||  6  ||  2  ||  16  ||  9  ||  3  ||
 * 4 ||  10  ||  5  ||  3  ||  14  ||  8  ||  4  ||
 * 5 ||  10  ||  4  ||  5  ||  14  ||  7  ||  8  ||
 * Trials ||||||||||||||||||  The concentration of Carbon dioxide/ ppm  ||
 * ^  ||||||  Initial  ||||||  24 hours  ||||||  48 hours  ||
 * ^  ||   Cotton + water   ||   Soil   ||   Gel hydroponic   ||   Cotton + water   ||   Soil   ||   Gel Hydroponic   ||   Cotton + water   ||   Soil   ||   Gel Hydroponic   ||
 * 1 ||  415  ||  575  ||  1116  ||  1983  ||  1276  ||  2131  ||  3125  || 1976 ||  3250  ||
 * 2 ||  479  ||  534  ||  913  ||  1503  ||  1609  ||  2064  ||  2675  ||  2689  ||  3215  ||
 * 3 ||  501  ||  472  ||  1127  ||  1073  ||  1865  ||  1801  ||  1765  ||  3265  ||  2487  ||
 * 4 ||  500  ||  545  ||  1058  ||  1835  ||  2350  ||  1869  ||  3050  ||  4250  ||  2750  ||
 * 5 ||  599  ||  555  ||  1537  ||  1090  ||  1465  ||  2405  ||  1498  ||  2560  ||  3378  ||

Average of heights been sprout
 * Heights of mung bean sprout/cm ± 0,05 cm ||
 * 24 hours ||||||  48 hours  ||
 * Cotton + water ||  Soil  ||  Gel Hydroponic  ||  Cotton + water  ||  Soil  ||  Gel Hydroponic  ||
 * 1,6 ||  0,76  ||  1,04  ||  13  ||  3,8  ||  1,6  ||

Average of amounts of seed germinate
 * The amounts of seed germinate ||
 * 24 hours ||||||  48 hours  ||
 * Cotton + water ||  Soil  ||  Gel Hydroponic  ||  Cotton + water  ||  Soil  ||  Gel Hydroponic  ||
 * 8 ||  4  ||  5  ||  14  ||  7  ||  6  ||

Average of concentration of carbon dioxide dissolved in media
 * The concentration of Carbon dioxide/ ppm ||
 * Initial ||||||  24 hours  ||||||  48 hours  ||
 * Cotton + water  ||   Soil   ||   Gel hydroponic   ||   Cotton + water   ||   Soil   ||   Gel Hydroponic   ||   Cotton + water   ||   Soil   ||   Gel Hydroponic   ||
 * 499 ||  536  ||  1150  ||  1497  ||  1713  ||  411  ||  2427  || 590 ||  603  ||


 * Chemistry**
 * Table of the pH changes affected by time of hydroponic gel ||
 * Trial ||  Initial (0 time)  ||  24 hours  ||  48 hours  ||
 * 1 ||  6  ||  6  ||  6  ||
 * 2 ||  6  ||  6  ||  6  ||
 * 3 ||  6  ||  6  ||  6  ||
 * 4 ||  6  ||  6  ||  6  ||
 * 5 ||  6  ||  6  ||  6  ||
 * Average ||  6  ||  6  ||  6  ||


 * Table of the pH changes affected by time of compost ||
 * Trial ||  Initial (0 time)  ||  24 hours  ||  48 hours  ||
 * 1 ||  6  ||  6  ||  6  ||
 * 2 ||  6  ||  6  ||  6  ||
 * 3 ||  6  ||  7  ||  6  ||
 * 4 ||  6  ||  7  ||  6  ||
 * 5 ||  6  ||  7  ||  6  ||
 * Average ||  6  ||  6,6  ||  6  ||


 * Table of the pH changes affected by time of cotton ||
 * Trial ||  Initial (0 time)  ||  24 hours  ||  48 hours  ||
 * 1 ||  6  ||  5  ||  5  ||
 * 2 ||  6  ||  5  ||  5  ||
 * 3 ||  6  ||  5  ||  5  ||
 * 4 ||  6  ||  5  ||  5  ||
 * 5 ||  6  ||  5  ||  5  ||
 * Average ||  6  ||  5  ||  5  ||


 * Physics**
 * Time  ||||||||||   Light Intensity (lux)   ||
 * ^  ||   Trial 1   ||   Trial 2   ||   Trial 3   ||   Trial 4   ||   Trial 5   ||
 * 24  ||   27   ||   31   ||   29   ||   33   ||   25   ||
 * 48  ||   29   ||   27   ||   33   ||   31   ||   33   ||


 * Time (hours)  ||   24   ||   48   ||
 * Lux (light Intensity)  ||   29   ||   30.6   ||


 * Graph:**
 * Biology**






 * Chemistry**


 * || [[image:http://binusgroup4.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/placeholder?w=363&h=219 width="363" height="219"]] ||
 * || [[image:http://binusgroup4.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/placeholder?w=363&h=219 width="363" height="219"]] ||


 * || [[image:http://binusgroup4.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/placeholder?w=363&h=219 width="363" height="219"]] ||
 * || [[image:http://binusgroup4.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/placeholder?w=363&h=219 width="363" height="219"]] ||
 * || [[image:http://binusgroup4.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/placeholder?w=363&h=219 width="363" height="219"]] ||
 * || [[image:http://binusgroup4.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/placeholder?w=363&h=219 width="363" height="219"]] ||


 * Physics:**

From the data above, I can see that the heights of mung bean sprout in 24 hours is cotton + water 1,6 cm, soil 0,76 cm, and gel hydroponic 1,04 cm. While 48 hours is 13 cm for cotton + water, 3,8 cm for soil, and 1,6 cm for gel hydroponic. According to data, the best media for growing mung bean is cotton + water. My hypothesis was wrong, because the best media is not gel hydroponic, although in theoretical the best media is gel hydroponic. It happens because when I did this experiment, it is lack of water, while the gel itself absorb water. At the beginning of germination process the seed needs a lot of water and cotton can give more water for the seed to grow. That’s why mung been seed can grow faster in cotton + water compared to other media.
 * Conclusion:**
 * Biology**

The data says that the amounts of seed that germinate in 24 hours is cotton + water is 8, soil is 4, and gel hydroponic is 5. On the 48 hours, cotton + water is 14, soil is 7, and gel hydroponic is 6. The best time for seed to germinate is 48 hours. It happens because more time given means the more nutrient taken. My hypothesis was right, the more the time given, the more seed would grow.

Based on the data given of concentration of Carbon dioxide in initial is cotton + water 499 ppm, soil is 436 ppm, and gel hydroponic is 1150 ppm. In the 24 hours is cotton + water is 1497 ppm, soil is 1713 ppm, and gel hydroponic is 411 ppm. And in 48 hours, cotton + water is 2427 ppm, soil is 590 ppm, and gel hydroponic is 603 ppm. The highest carbon dioxide is in the cotton + water. It is because cell respiration happens when the bean sprout needs energy and release carbon dioxide a lot. Also, cotton + water has a lot of water which, carbon dioxide can dissolved. But, in the other media, carbon dioxide cannot dissolve because it is lack of water. So, my hypothesis was right because the more the time given, the more CO2 will dissolve.

My hypothesis on the affect of time towards the pH of the hydroponic gel is correct. As I can see that on the first day, the hydroponic gel has a pH of 6 on average, and then after 24 hours, when I check the pH again it is still on pH of 6 on average and lastly after 48 hours again the pH is still on 6 on average. This set of data actually tells us that the time will not affect the pH of the media planting which is in this case is the hydroponic gel. The explanation for this is actually because the hydroponic gel is in form of solid and it can not dissolved which is why there is no effect of time to the pH change of the hydroponic gel and the hydroponic gel itself has contained 75%-90% of water. While for the hypothesis on the affect of time towards the pH of the compost (which is made of soil and fertilizer) is not correct. The pH does not decrease but instead it increases at the first 24 hours, then it decreases after that. The explanation behind this is because compost when it is reacting with water and the surrounding environment it will create a product called ammonia (NH3) which is actually a weak base and the ammonia itself contain nitrogen element, which is essential for the bean sprout to get nutrient from and to grow. Therefore the pHs will then increases because it start to form ammonia (weak base) during the first few time. However, after a while, the compost later on will start to release acids and that explains why the pH starts to decreases. While for the hypothesis on the affect of time towards the pH of cotton is partially correct. It is true that on the first 24 hours, the pH start to decreases on average of pH 6 drop to pH of 5. However, the next 24 hours the pH remains constant at 5 this may be because there are no more changes towards the pH after words. However, when the pH of 6 on average decreases on the first 24 hours, this is because cotton is made if 94% cellulose which include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen as well as hydroxyl (base components). Similar to the compost, it also releases acid that is why the pH also decreases.
 * Chemistry:**

We see that our hypothesis is wrong. And we find out that through data we see the things that controls the growth of the seeds are in fact the temperature and the quantity of the water. The light will affect the seeds when the seedling came out from the soil.
 * Physics:**

From the data earned, we see that as time goes on, the light intensity (Lux) also increases. The graph shows that when we measure the light intensity after 24 hours of initial, the light intensity was 29. However, after 48 hours or 24 hours after the previous day, we measure that the light intensity increases from by 1.6 Lux so the final answer is 30.6. We also conclude that any matter of sources (compost, cotton, and hydroponic gel), the light intensity is the same.

**Whole group:** Based on the experiment, we can conclude as a whole group that from experiment, we can conclude that the best media of planting is the compost (soil plus fertilizers). This is because according to the data of pH from chemistry side, the pH level is around 6-7 which is actually the best pH for the plant to grow. However, since we put too much water into it, it might affect the pH data. It is because the more water is poured, the more concentration that also affect the change of pH or affect the reaction of pH. Therefore, the pH of compost might be closer to 7 because of too much water. In biology, the tallest growth is by using media planting of cotton. It is not compost since we know that the water is too much while cotton, when added with water was almost equally match. In conclusion, cotton might be the best for even chemistry pH if the water consume wasn't too much. In physics, the light intensity wasn't affecting both pH for the chemisty or even the growth of plants. It might be because of the crucial mistake during experiment in measuring the light intensity. When the physics people measure the light, they measure the light intensity near the plants not the plants itself therefore it's not light intensity of plants but air. Therefore, the whole physics part is a mess. Next time, we need to organize better by researching the procedure better, especially the volume of water with its media, method to use light intensity meter in plants, and many more. As a group, we can see that this research is actually useful for the binus society because bean sprout can be cook as meal together such as with fried rice, or fried noodle and such like that. Our experiment is useful this is because, our Binus society can be helped to know which media of planting can be the best to produce the best bean sprouts as well as quickly as possible because the case is that people want always want to get the food such is in this case the bean sprout as quickly as possible and the best that it can be. So finally after our research and experiments that we have conducted, it can help the society to know which media of planting is the best and most effective to be used in growing the bean sprouts.

The method that I used is good. Then the material that I used is good, simple, and easy to find which is mung bean. The weaknesses of this method are the gel hydroponic continues absorbing water, so lack of water for the bean to germinate. The second weakness is when I measured the heights of bean sprout, the root is difficult to measure because the root is folded, so the data is not really accurate. The third weakness is I do not have more time to do this experiment properly, because two days is not enough to see the bean sprout grow. It would be better if I have one-week time, so I can see the development of the bean sprout properly. The fourth weakness is when I measured CO2 in water, its only part of CO2 concentration, because CO2 can release also to the air. So, the data is not really accurate. Last is the difficult to plot graph because the range of numbers that given is too large, so I make only graph of average, which is bar graph. It is not a proper graph that can see the changing of the numbers.
 * Evaluation:**
 * Biology:**

The data result were not that accurate and we can not really see whether it is actually decreasing or stable since we use the pH indicator paper then we can not really know whether it is actually decreasing or not in order to really justify our hypothesis. So, for the next experiment it is best if we use the pH meter instead of the pH paper because it is not that reliable since the color indicator can be deceiving. Also the pH paper relies on our eyes only to state whether it is a pH of 6 or 7. The color between the pH 6 and 7 are not very clear that makes us, as the observer hard to identify whether it is pH 6 or 7 for example. Another problem is that data are not that much to justify our hypothesis because we do not know as well whether after certain of time it will continue to decrease or it starts to increase. So, if we had more time, I would like to extend the experiment until at least 5 or more days so that we can get more data in order for the data to be reliable. So that we can really know the correct trend of the pH level of all the media of planting (compost, hydroponic gel and cotton). So for next time, if we get to do the experiment again, I would like first of all for the chemistry part to use the pH meter rather than the pH paper so that the data of the pH of all of them can be as accurate as possible. Also, I would like to extend the experiment time until 5 days or more so that we can get more data and the data can be more reliable as well as we can know the real trend of the pH level for all of the media planting. **Physics:** Based on the data that we get, we find that there were a few mistakes that we made. For example we pour too much water in the soil, so the seeds are not growing normally. But in the hydroponic gel and cotton we succeeded to grow almost all the seeds that are in those medium and we didn’t even put the tubes under any light, but we give some light to the seeds during the experiment. After that the seeds will never see light again because it is trapped in jovins locker.
 * Chemistry:**

From the experiment, the most crucial error that we made was when measuring the light intensity. We don’t know why, but the light intensity was supposed to be different every media of planting. It just happens to be the same. It might be because of the material (light intensity meter).