HUMAN+DIET+-+GROUP+3

Hendi Wiraatmadja - 11HR2 - Biology
 * HUMAN DIET **

Jeffrey Ng - 11HR1 - Biology

Astari Pinasthika Sarosa - 11HR4 - Chemistry

Fannie Febriannie Queen - 11HR5 - Chemistry

Andhika Priandana - 11 HR3 - Physics

Algrio Santoso - 11HR2 - Physics

Supervisor: Mr Rahman Ali

Nowadays children and teenagers are not eating a proper balanced meal, they prefer fast foods and packaged foods that taste better and can be consumed faster than a healthy homemade meal. Most of the fast food and packaged food they consume are not balanced enough, they usually skip out some part of the food group that our body need and increase the amount of food group that our body did not need to make the food taste better. The affect of eating these food are mostly affecting our health and fitness level, research shows that the core relation of the rise of packaged foods and fast food companies have strongly affected the rise of the number of obesity. So in this experiment we will identify which food group will affect most towards our health by measuring the heart rate, identifying sweat PH and energy. So that we can know which is needed to be consumed more or less.
 * BACKGROUND INFO ** :

To find out how different food group, vitamin food group, carbohydrate food group, protein food group, and lipid food group affects the performance of the runner. Such as the pH, heartbeat and energy.
 * AIM **

The aim can be seen within the three sciences ( Physics, Chemistry, Biology)
 * EXPERIMENT **



** The Effect of the Different Food Stages within the Heartbeat during Exercise ** To find out how does the different food stages (carbohydrates group, protein group, lipids group and vitamins group) will affect the heartbeat of the runner during his exercise
 * BIOLOGY **
 * Research Question **

If the runner consume more fat food group, which gives the runner a better performance in getting a faster time to finish the lap, because it will give ‘sugar rush’ towards the runner so that it will temporarily gives energy which makes the runner perform better
 * Hypothesis **

Different type of food within the corresponding stages of food grouping that are available such as carbohydrate food group, protein food group, lipase food group and vitamins food group that will be consume Time taken for the runner to reach the finish line after the consuming the of the specific food grouping such as carbohydrate food group, protein food group, lipids food group and vitamins food group
 * Variables **
 * Independent Variables **
 * Dependent Variables **
 * Control Variables **
 * The distance that the runner will run which is 32 meter so that it is clear within the 32 meter that the result is based on
 * The amount (quantity) of food eaten for each of the food group such as fat food group, protein food group, carbohydrate food group, and vitamin food group will be controlled and each of the food group will consist of 100 grams for the runner
 * The runner itself will be only one person and it will be controlled within the same weight and also the same height, basically the same condition within the runner
 * Time taken for the food to be digested, there are different time for the food to be digested, the carbohydrate, protein food group and fat food group needs about 2 – 3 hours while vitamins food group takes about 20 minutes until 1 hour period of time, we took about 30 minutes of time for digestion within all of the food group.
 * Time taken for the cooling down of the heartbeat to be normal after the run will also be controlled which is about 15 minutes


 * Apparatus **
 * Runner with the controlled condition (same weight and same height)
 * 300 grams of rice (Carbohydrate food grouping)
 * 300 grams of oranges (Vitamin food grouping)
 * 300 grams of boiled eggs (Protein food grouping)
 * 300 grams of chocolate (Fat food grouping)
 * 100 Meter meter tape
 * Stopwatch
 * Duct tape

1.The apparatus were collected 2.Mark the given distance, which is 32 meter with a scotch tape 3.The runner, will run within 32 meters being timed and recorded 4.Check pulse of the runner and record it 5.Cooling down for about 5 minutes to regain his or her initial heartbeat 6.Consumed of one specific food group within 100 grams of it 7.Wait for digestion for about 30 minutes of time of the body of the runner 8.Runner run within 32 meters being timed and record 9.Check pulse within the runner and record it
 * Methods **
 * 1) Re-do steps 2 until 8 within the given and different food grouping with each of the food grouping for about 3 times trial

This data is being collected within many trials of the experiment. Basically collecting many data is to find the average data due to the many error that may occurred within the experiment, finding the average will make the result more acceptable towards the data and graph.
 * Raw Data **
 * The Difference Heartbeat of the Different Food Grouping of the Runner during Exercise ||
 * Type of Food within Food Grouping |||||| Numbers of Trials  ||
 * ^  || Trial 1 (beat per minute) ± || Trial 2 (beat per minute) ± || Trial 3 (beat per minutes) ± ||
 * Orange (Vitamins Food Group) || 140 || 137 || 128 ||
 * Rice (Carbohydrate Food Group) || 141 || 133 || 134 ||
 * Chocolate (Fat Food Group) || 149 || 150 || 148 ||
 * Boiled Eggs (Protein Food Group) || 112 || 136 || 122 ||

From the raw data that I found, I calculated to find the mean within the three trials that I’ve done using the formula as follows Here are the calculations using the formulas given to find the average data of the trials. Orange (Vitamin Food Group) heartbeat’s of the runner average data: = 135 beat per minute Rice (Carbohydrate Food Group) heartbeat’s of the runner average data: = 136 beat per minute Chocolate (Fat Food Group) heartbeat’s of the runner average data: = 149 beat per minute Boiled Egg (Protein Food Group) heartbeat’s of the runner average data: = 120 beat per minute
 * Processed Data **


 * The Average Heartbeat of the Different Food Grouping of the Runner during Exercise ||
 * Type of Food within Food Grouping || Heartbeat of the Runner (beat per minute) ||  Standard Deviation  ||
 * Orange (Vitamins Food Group) || 135  ||  6.363961031

||
 * Rice (Carbohydrate Food Group) || 134  ||  5.656854249

||
 * Chocolate (Fat Food Group) || 149  ||  0.707106781

|| The above information is the average data of the trials that we collected. It is easier to observe the average data so that it will be easier to be put in graph basically.
 * Boiled Eggs (Protein Food Group) || 120  ||  12.05542755  ||




 * Analyze **

From the graph given, it is seen that each food grouping has a different heartbeat result as the runner consumes. The fat group has the highest heartbeat as the protein group has the lowest heartbeat result. As the food contains more sugar level, which is can be seen from the fat group that has the most sugar, which resulted higher result of the heartbeat. And as the food group becomes a heavy meal such as protein and carbohydrate food group, it gives a lower heartbeat to the runner.

** The Effect of pH (sweat) In The Different of Food Pyramid **
 * CHEMISTRY **

** Research Question ** To find out how does the different stage of food such as the carbohydrate, protein, fat and vitamins will affect on the pH (sweat) will affect the health of the runner after exercising.

** Hypothesis ** If the runner eat the combination of the food group the pH will increase into the neutral state which the makes the runner healthier due to the food that they consumed

** Variables ** ** Independent Variables ** Different type of food within different food stage (boiled eggs, chocolates, oranges and rice) that are going to be consumed by the runner with a given distance ** Dependent Variables ** The different pH from the runner's sweat due to the different food stages that are being consumed by the runner ** Controlled Variables **
 * The distance (32 meters)
 * Time taken for the food to digest (15 minutes)
 * The amount of food that is being consumed by the runner (100 grams for each food)
 * The runner that has the same condition such as the same weight and also height


 * Apparatus **
 * Runner with controlled condition (same weight and same height)
 * 300 grams of rice (Carbohydrate food grouping)
 * 300 grams of oranges (Vitamin food grouping)
 * 300 grams of boiled eggs (Protein food grouping)
 * 300 grams of chocolate (Lipid food grouping)
 * 100 meter tape
 * Stopwatch
 * Duct tape

1. The apparatus were collected 2. Mark the given distance, which is 32 meter with a scotch tape 3. The runner runs 32 meters 4.record the pH of the runner 5. Let the runner cool down 6. Check the pulse if it’s at normal rate (20 x 4) 7. Eat 100 gram of oranges 8. Wait for 15 minutes for the food to digest well 9. Runner runs 32 meter 10. Record the pH of the runner 11. Repeat the same the method from number 5 to 10 with the food from chocolate, eggs, and then rice.
 * Methods **

The level of pH after eating each types of food
 * Raw Data **

This data is being collected with many trials of the experiment. Basically collecting many data is to find the average data.
 * Types of food ||||||  Level of pH ()  ||
 * ^  ||  Trial 1  ||  Trial 2  ||  Trial 3  ||
 * Orange (Vitamins Food Group) ||  5  ||  6  ||  7  ||
 * Rice (Carbohydrate Food Group) ||  6  ||  6  ||  7  ||
 * Chocolate (Lipid Food Group) ||  6  ||  6  ||  7  ||
 * Boiled Eggs (Protein Food Group) ||  6  ||  7  ||  7  ||

Average pH after eating Orange and runs 32m: Average pH after eating Rice and runs 32m:     Average pH after eating Chocolate and runs 32m:
 * Process data **

Average pH after eating Boiled Eggs and runs 32: The neutral pH of human sweat is level 7. When the runner eats the foods above, the pH increases into the neutral level of pH. Oranges is the lowest because it contains acid. While boiled eggs have the highest average pH level because it’s base. So, that’s why after eating the pH of the sweat is become higher.
 * Graph **
 * Analyze of the G **** raph **

PHYSICS
** The Energy given from the Different Food Grouping towards the Runner ** ** I ntroduction: ** The following factors may affect amount of energy that is absorbed by a person: For the group 4 project, we will investigate how a person’s running speed after eating affects the amount of energy that is received by a person. ** Aim **  To find out how the running speed of a person after eating will affect the amount of energy that is received by a person. ** Hypotheses **  We think that due to the different foods eaten by a person; their running speed will also be different for each food, in turn the higher the running speed will mean that more energy was absorbed. This is because a person will have a higher running speed after eating if they have more energy however they will have a lower running speed after running if they have less energy. This relation is taken from the fact that a person with a higher running speed will be using more energy. Because they are using more energy, it means that they had more energy available due to more energy being absorbed from consuming the food. Further we think that the different food groups that a person eats will affect the different amounts of energy that is received by a person. For example vitamins, proteins, fat and carbohydrates will all give different amounts of energy to a person ** Variables **  ** Independent **   The different types of food that represent an entire group of foods (vitamins, proteins, fat and carbohydrates) ** Dependent **  The amount of energy absorbed by a person measured by the running speed of the person. ** Controlled **  The distance that will be covered by the person (32m), the amount of food for each food group consumed by the person (100g), the runner will be one person so there is no variance due to using different people, the time taken for the food to be digested which is different for each food group ( carbohydrate, protein and fat need 2-3 hours, vitamins need about 20 minutes, however we will wait 30 minutes for each food group), the time taken for the heartbeat to go back to normal. ** Apparatus ** ** Method ** **__ Raw Data: __** || **__ Processed Data: __** Averaged times: 10.33 s (vitamins), 11 s (fat), 9.66 s (proteins), 9.33 s (carbohydrates) **__ Analysis: __** From the graph above we can see that the result is going up-down and going up again. This was result from the different kind of foods we are using which really supports our hypothesis for this experiment. The different types of food effects the speed will also change, this graph is supported by using the formula of **speed=Distance/time** this shows the changes in speed from the each kind of food the person consume. By the result the more energy consume from the food the more faster the person can run.
 * The amount of food eaten
 * The amount of energy that the food contains
 * The type of food that is eaten
 * The way that the food is cooked
 * The heartbeat of a person
 * The breath rate of a person
 * Runner with the controlled condition (same weight and same height)
 * 300 grams of rice (Carbohydrate food grouping)
 * 300 grams of oranges (Vitamin food grouping)
 * 300 grams of boiled eggs (Protein food grouping)
 * 300 grams of chocolate (Fat food grouping)
 * 100 m meter tape
 * Stopwatch
 * Duct tape
 * 1) Collect the needed apparatus
 * 2) Mark the distance which in this case is 32 meters
 * 3) The runner will run 32 meters being timed and recorded
 * 4) Check the pulse of a runner and record it
 * 5) Cool down for about 15 minutes to normalize heartbeat
 * 6) The runner will consume 100 grams of a type of food
 * 7) Wait for digestion of the food for about 30 minutes
 * 8) The runner will again run 32 meters being timed and recorded
 * 9) Check the pulse of the runner and record it
 * 10) Check the time taken for the runner
 * 11) Do 3 trials for the food eating and running
 * 12) Redo steps 6 until 11 with different food groups being consumed
 * ** Time taken for runner to cover 32 m after eating different food types (seconds) **
 * || Trial 1  ||  Trial 2  ||  Trial 3  ||
 * Vitamins ||  11 s  ||  10 s  ||  10 s  ||
 * Fat ||  11 s  ||  10 s  ||  12 s  ||
 * Proteins ||  10 s  ||  10 s  ||  9 s  ||
 * Carbohydrates ||  9 s  ||  10 s  ||  9 s  ||
 * ** Speed of runner after eating food from different food groups (m/s) ** ||
 * Vitamins ||  Fat  ||  Proteins  ||  Carbohydrates  ||
 * 3.097 m/s ||  2.909 m/s  ||  3.312 m/s  ||  3.439 m/s  ||

** Conclusion **
Throughout the experiment that we conducted all together, for the 3 sciences, in Physics we can conclude that by calculating the amount of energy consume. From the result of consuming fat the speed of the runner will be slower. As you can see carbohydrate gives a lot of energy to the person which give a fast running speed, in our experiment the average result from 3 trial was 9.33 seconds and then the second place is boiled egg with an average results of 9.66s, third is orange in 10.33s and last place will be chocolate since it gives lesser energy and more fat. Most of the foods we are using gives a very less fat except for the chocolate. We can conclude that the best food groups that need to be consume is carbohydrate and protein because it gives a lot of energy to the person. Like the hypothesis stated before, after eating oranges, rice, boiled eggs and chocolates, then exercises by running 32 meters, the pH level of the runner will increases to the neutral state. The pH level after eating chocolate, oranges and rice are low because they are acidic. They are not at the neutral pH level. But because the runner eats boiled eggs, which is a base, they become neutral. And so it is balance to eat those foods from each food group (Vitamins, Carbohydrate, Lipid and Protein) and the pH level of the runner’s sweat will be at the neutral pH leveled. And within Biology, if the runner consume more lipid food group, which gives the runner a better performance in getting a faster time to finish the lap, because it will give ‘sugar rush’ towards the runner so that it will temporarily gives energy which makes the runner perform better. Our hypothesis turns out to be true within our experiment, it is seen that within the fat group food has the highest heartbeat, which reach 149 beat per minute, and it is followed by the vitamin group food, which is 135 beat per minute. The effect sugar rush, which contains in most of the fat group food, give a temporary energy that reach quite a high level within the runner that gives a better performance hence a higher heartbeat is achieved, these food groups are considered as a light meal or snack towards the consumer, while in other hand carbohydrate food groups and protein food group gives a lower heartbeat than the other food groups. A healthier lifestyle when doing an exercise must have a lower heartbeat, which is within the carbohydrate and the protein food group, and these are the best food group to consume after a person finished exercise since the lower the heartbeat after exercising, the better the performance of the runner. After analyzing the experiment using the three sciences, it can be concluded that the best food group that a person should consume is actually a combination from the various food groups, from the carbohydrate to vitamin food groups, all of them should be consumed all together and also with the right portions to be consumed to reach a healthy lifestyle which can be taken from the food pyramid.

** Evaluation ** Throughout our experiment within the three sciences that we conducted together, there are several strength within the experiment, such as the food selection of the food that we gathered for the selection for each of the food group such as the rice for the carbohydrate food group, orange with rich of vitamin C for the vitamin food group, boiled egg for the protein food group and also chocolate for the fat and sugar food grouping. Several weaknesses that we encountered as a team when conducting the experiment such as the time of digestion that we set, that is not really compatible with the time needed since we do not have enough time so we have to make it around 30 minutes for all of the food, the ideal time was suppose to be around 1 hour of time. Also the source of getting the pH should be from other sources such as saliva of the runner itself, this will be more effective and accurate compare the sweat, since the sweat could sometimes be present or not within the given distance of the runner. If we do this experiment again, there are several things that we would change, such as the source of getting the pH level which is from the saliva and also we might also change several food within the food grouping to measure a more broad and different result within it. Also the changes of the distance of the runner, which we could make it further so that more sweat could be produce and also the result would be more better, the current distance that we use were producing a little sweat within the runner which resulted less result for the acidic test within the pH indicator. In the future we could've done more complex experiment, involving both gender to be investigated within this trial and also selecting a better runner and place for the experiment.